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Aristotle was born in Stagira, cities in the region Chalcidice, Thracia, Greece (formerly including central Macedonia region) in 384 BC. His father was the personal physician of King Amyntas of Macedon. At the age of 17 years, Aristotle became a pupil of Plato. Later he rose to become a teacher at the Academy of Plato in Athens for 20 years. Aristotle left the Academy after Plato's death, and became a teacher of Alexander of Macedon. When Alexander the ruling in the year 336 BC, he returned to Athens. With the support and assistance from Alexander, he later founded his own college named the Lyceum, which he led until the year 323 BC.

Contribution and work of

Aristotle's philosophy developed at the time he headed the Lyceum, which includes six written works that discuss the problem of logic, which is regarded as works of the most important, in addition to its contribution in the field of Metaphysics, Physics, Ethics, Politics, Medicine and Natural Sciences.

In the field of natural science, he was the first to collect and classify biological species systematically. His work illustrates the trend will be critical analysis, and the search for natural laws and the balance of nature. Plato stated the theory of ideal forms of things, while Aristotle explained that the material is not possible without a form because he was (existed). He further stated that the material forms a perfect, pure or final form, is what is claimed as theos, which is in the Greek sense is now considered to mean God.

Aristotelian logic is a system of deductive reasoning (deductive reasoning), which even today is still regarded as the foundation of every lesson of formal logic. However, in his scientific research he also realized the importance of observation, experimentation and inductive thinking (inductive thinking).

In the field of politics, Aristotle believed that the ideal form of politics is a combination of forms of democracy and monarchy.

Because the vast scope of the works of Aristotle, he considered it can be contributed to the encyclopedic scale, which covers contributions to the fields so diverse as Physics, Astronomy, Biology, Psychology, Metaphysics (eg the study of principles and ideas of the beginning - basic idea of nature), formal logic, ethics, politics, and even the theory of rhetoric and poetry.
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Influence

Although most of the developing science was more an explanation of the things that make sense (common-sense explanation), many theories that lasted almost two thousand years old. This happens because these theories because it is considered reasonable and in line with the thinking of society in general, although later it turned out that these theories totally wrong because it is based on assumptions wrong.

It could be argued that Aristotle was influential in Western thought and religious thought in general. Alignment of Aristotle with Christian theology by St. Thomas Aquinas in the 13th century, with Jewish theology of Maimonides (1135 to 1204), and the theology of Islam by Ibn Rusyid (1126 to 1198). For medieval man, Aristotle was not only regarded as an authoritative source of logic and metaphysics, but also regarded as the main source of knowledge, or "the master of those who know", as then said Dante Alighieri.

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